4.2 "Four Strategies" of Micro-regeneration program
4.2.1 Strategy 1: Business upgrade & introduction of multiple brands.
In Liuhe community, Shenyang Road Market, Chenhuaimin Fresh Market and some shops along the street have also been operating for decades. The cheap and fresh vegetables and fruits are deeply loved by residents and have a wide brand radiation. In addition, the "morning" culture of Old Hankou is enduring here. There are more than a dozen old breakfast shops in three streets, and "shopping" and "morning" culture have become a daily life style of normal residents. In this regard, the micro-regeneration strategy retains traditional business format of shops, increases and regularizes outdoor businesses, partially eliminates the business format that does not meet the characteristics of the district, and encourages shops popular online to move in spontaneously. In terms of upgrading the vegetable market, rationally arrange the stalls, improve the drainage, ventilation, lighting, and other fundamental facilities, introduce innovative business such as Freshhema, update current business model, and further expand the service spatial areas and service types. On the whole, combine the existing resources around, fully discover the tourism potential, and build a 24-hour dynamic community integrating breakfast, shopping, leisure, and midnight snack (Figure 1).
Figure 1. aerial view of Morning Hankou 24-hour vibrant community
4.2.2 Strategy 2: Road Function Improvement & Revitalization of Public Places
Optimize and activate the public space of four main roads. Redistribute the right of Chen Huaimin Road, adopt time-sharing traffic management according to the unloading and recreation functions, and set up time-sharing intelligent pile dumping to create a "shared street" for public activities in the neighborhood. Increase landscape greening on Changchun Street, lay artistic floors and create a harmonious and joyful environment. Add sunshade canopy, artistic landscape wall, rest field and landscape lamps in the negative space at the intersection to create a community service micro-square. Keep the function of one-way traffic and one-way parking on the Shanhaiguan Road, increase the parking spaces for non-motor vehicles, widen the footpaths, integrate the resources of shops in online celebrity, and create a vibrant time-honored living street. Combining with historical protection buildings on Shengli Street, the historical street wall is protectively displayed, paving elements with a sense of history and water permeability are added, and green plants are added to ensure the authenticity of historical features. To solve the parking problem, four unloading parking spaces and ten non-motor vehicle parking spaces are arranged in the west section of Shanhaiguan Road; There are twenty-nine motor vehicle parking spaces in the east section of Shanhaiguan Road; There are twenty unloading parking spaces for limited time on Chenhuaimin Road.
4.2.3 Strategy 3: Building facade renovation & indoor space remodelling.
According to the four types of historical relics protection buildings, historical buildings, school dormitory buildings, and shops along the street, different transformation standards and remediation measures are put forward. First of all, regulate the external wires, spaces for air-conditions and existing shop signs, restore the facade of the brick wall, rub the sand ash veneer on the constructional column, address the problems such as roof damage and cornice drainage, and then replace the external windows and the first glass doors, add the canvas canopy at the entrance of the shops and the flower ponds under the windows. Add unified storefront signboards and flag-raising shop signs, and continuously support the old shops, and appropriately add the design of characteristic shops to enhance the vitality of streets and gather the internet celebrity effect (Figures 2 and Figure 3). In the interior of the store, the unified sanitary renovation standard should be formulated, and the storage and use space should be regulated on the premise of retaining the original operating space, and the fume exhaust system, hard floor tiles and easily cleaned wall tiles in the kitchens should be replaced (Figure 4) to place the management requirements of "specific regulation signs in front of the entrance.
Figure 2. Renovation of buildings along the street at Zhongshan Avenue intersection
Figure 3. Protection of historic buildings at the intersection of Shengli Street
Figure 4. Renovation of facade of Shenyang food market
4.2.4 Strategy 4: Renovation of municipal facilities & improvement of environmental quality
Aiming at the problem of rain sewage archway, three reconstruction measures are adopted. First, aiming at the problem of direct discharge of ground sewage, sewage pipes are added to collect sewage discharged from shops along the interception line to prevent sewage and kitchen waste residue from being discharged into the ground; Second, combined with road reconstruction, the rainwater side ditch is changed into a cover side ditch to reduce the accumulation and waste of garbage and improve the street quality; The third is to add 150 sewage pipes for shops along the street, and connect them with the newly added sewage pipes of three roads. In the aspect of improving sanitation facilities, a new type of organic waste treatment station was added by using the non-private ownership building close to the vegetable market, and 70% of the surplus waste in the vegetable market was converted into organic fertilizer. Introduce the concept of sponge city, adopt measures of infiltration, stagnation, storage, purification, utilization and drainage, reduce runoff pollution, use green roofs and sunken green spaces, and partially adopt permeable pavement of the pedestrian roads.
4.3 "Three Steps" Implementation Support System
4.3.1 Step 1: Build a government overall planning platform
Give full play to the role of government departments, change passive promotion into active guidance, change the routine project approval management mode of government departments into integrating the resources of various residential groups, enterprises and individuals, build an open management and operation platform, absorb opinions and strategies from various parties, and create a replicable and scalable implementation model. Formulate incentive policies for investment and construction, and open restrictions on private capital investment. On the one hand, reduce the financial pressure of the government, on the other hand, promote the enthusiasm of independent construction. The main responsibilities of government departments have changed to make an update schedule, ensure the construction quality and operation effect, emphasize the idea of "problem-oriented, micro-regeneration from tiny constructions ", accurately formulate the regeneration plans, accurately consolidate the implementation of engineering quantities, and gradually expand from local regeneration to overall image improvement with less investment, providing strong support for old communities.
4.3.2 Step 2: Raise public participation awareness
The mass base is the basic foundation of community micro-regeneration, and the active participation of the public can play a multiplier role in community rectification and transformation. Neighbourhood committees regularly organize community exchange activities, with street residents as the main participants, create a "love home" theme workshop, solicit and collect residents' opinions, analyse the special needs of various groups of people, formulate a community autonomy action framework, and jointly create a community regeneration plan. Form a community life service circle within the community, and cultivate community voluntary groups such as health environmental volunteers, caring for the vulnerable groups, and medical and health volunteers, so that residents can "express their opinion and do their work" and personally contribute to the community, give full play to the initiative of the street as a grassroots unit of social governance, and practice the community development concept of "common planning, sharing and governance".
4.3.3 Step 3: Recruit community planners
Recruit community planners in Liuhe community, establish a system of appointment for community planners with universities and relevant design institutions, and appoint community planners to serve the community regularly. The professional background of community planners should include urban and rural planners, architects, landscape designers, and art designers, and have working experience in micro-regeneration planning projects in old communities. On the one hand, it provides professional consulting services for residents in the whole process, guiding the implementation of planning and the later operation suggestions of the project; On the other hand, site visit and investigation, evaluation of the implementation of the plan, analysis of the difficulties of community micro-regeneration, collection of residents' opinions, and provision of data and suggestions for urban regeneration and research of government departments.
5. Conclusion
Community can be seen as the smallest management unit of a city, which carries all kinds of daily life events of residents, while open community emphasizes the homogeneity of the city, aiming at integrating the negative space closed by the community into the overall spatial system of the city. So as to maximize the allocation of the public resources and improve the efficiency and vitality of urban management and operation. However, advocating the opening closed spaces movement in normal cities can be struggled due to the introvert spatial characteristic of the constructions and internal circulation lifestyle formed by closed communities for a long time. At this time, micro-regeneration provides a feasible implementation path for the gradual opening actions of closed communities with the cost-saving, minimum interference and optimal effect". On the spatial level, through the negative space remodelling and the "point-to-surface" renewal, the self-improvement and function improvement of the community are promoted; At the management level, it emphasizes the refined transformation strategy with humanistic care, establishes an open platform for multi-party cooperation, mobilizes the enthusiasm of residents to participate, and forms a joint-constructing community building model with up-down linkage connecting government departments and grassroots.
Source: <https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/OWbdG-WElwGX3Sezb8-4pg>
Translated by Zhang Chenxi
Copyright @ 2014 Urban Planning Society of China
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