Nature Based Solution

The concept of natural solutions pathways originates from the relationship between ecosystems and human well-being, which has been part of traditional knowledge for centuries until the 1970s when a framework called "ecosystem services" began to appear in the scientific literature. The EC Directorate-General (DG) Research and Innovation formally introduced the concept of nature-based solutions in 2015, defining them as "nature-inspired and supported solutions that aim to address cost-effective societal challenges while providing environmental, social and economic benefits and helping to build resilience", making Natural ecosystems are an integral part of sustainable urban development, especially in the face of growing urban challenges such as human health, climate change, and natural resource degradation. Eggermont et al. classify "nature based solution" into three categories: solutions to better use and protect existing ecosystems; solutions to adapt existing ecosystems; and solutions to create and manage new ecosystems. These three types of natural solutions can be used as three tools in climate-resilient urban design: conservation, restoration, and rehabilitation.

Edited and translated by Zhang Yifei