City Planning Review（2020.4）

♦ Learning

Author: SHI Nan

♦ DEALING WITH “SIX RELATIONSHIPS” AND REALIZING “FIVE TRANSITIONS”: THE PRACTICE OF CHENGDU

Author: FAN Ruiping

ABSTRACT: It has been three years since Chengdu launched the Eastward Development Strategy in 2017, and is now stepping into a construction phase under the guidance of an overall planning. As embracing the new opportunity of building Chongqing-Chengdu Economic Circle initiated by the Central Government, Chengdu shoulders the responsibility to build the park city demonstration area characterized by the new development concept. Chengdu has explored a comprehensive regional development and operation mode that takes “dealing with six relationships and realizing five transitions” as its main content, and has achieved great success. All these efforts have provided valuable reference for the urban planning and construction in Chinese cities, especially for that of new districts in the new era.

KEYWORDS: Chengdu; eastern new district; mode of urban operation; comprehensive regional development

♦ POLICY INTERVENTION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BALANCED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF INDUSTRIAL EVOLUTION IN THE BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI REGION

Author: ZHANG Yiqun; ZHANG Jingxiang; YU Peiyang

ABSTRACT: China’s unbalanced regional development has recently received increasing attentions. On the basis of a comprehensive review of related researches, this paper selects data from registered enterprises across the country from 1977 to 2017 to make a historical interpretation of the relationship between policy intervention and balanced regional development in the Beijing[1]Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. The study finds that: first of all, the unbalanced growth of industries in the BTH region has gradually changed from factor[1]driven to innovation-driven, and technological progress has become the main reason for the regional inequality; secondly, the realization of coordinated development in the BTH region requires not only attention to productive factors such as capital and labor, but also the accumulation of intangible factors such as knowledge, relationships, and systems linked to innovation capabilities.

KEYWORDS: policy intervention; balanced regional development; regional governance; rescaling; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

♦ RESEARCH ON PLACE-MAKING IN INNOVATION DISTRICTS

Author: DENG Zhituan; CHEN Yujiao

ABSTRACT: Under the new urban development logic of “people follow city, jobs follow people”, innovation districts are becoming the driving force in the new round of urban development. In the construction of innovation districts dominated by knowledge and innovation, “place-making” has become the key strategy for promoting talents attraction, generation of knowledge, and agglomeration of innovative activities, and has been the major approach contributing to the vitality of innovation districts. Based on the comprehensive analysis of innovation districts practice and related research literature, the article finds that there are extensive common experiences in place-making of innovation districts in terms of environment, configuration, function, ambiance, and image. Accordingly, an “iFACE” framework model for the place-making of innovation districts is proposed. It also studies typical cases of innovation districts in the world, thus summarizing place-making initiatives to enhance attractiveness and stimulate innovation dynamism, hoping to provide reference for China’s new development in the context of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation” and “city betterment”.

KEYWORDS: innovation district; place-making; innovative vitality; “iFACE” model

♦ A STUDY ON JOB MIGRATION TRAJECTORY OF MIGRANT WORKERS IN NANJING FROM THE “TIME-SPACE-SOCIETY” THREE-DIMENSIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Author: WANG Hui; WU Xiao

ABSTRACT: Career mobility, together with job migration, is one of the most important ways to acquire or change individual socioeconomic status, which is also a process of multidimensional interaction between time, space, and society. Therefore, a study on job migration from “time-space-society” perspective contributes to explore their urban life trajectories and citizenization process of migrant workers more systematically. Based on the related research of individual behavior trajectory, this paper constructs a “time-space-society” path analysis method, and based on the retrospective data obtained from the migrant workers questionnaire survey of Nanjing in 2015, the job migration trajectory of migrant workers was discussed in different dimensions. The results show that life course and spatial dependence play important roles in the process of social mobility of migrant workers. This conclusion is of positive significance to the formulation of relevant policies in the process of rural labor transfer and citizenization.

KEYWORDS: “time-space-society” perspective; job migration trajectory; migrant workers; life course; spatial dependence

♦ SPATIOTEMPORAL RESPONSES BETWEEN URBAN REGENERATION AND POLICY CHANGE OF STOCK INDUSTRIAL LAND: A CASE STUDY OF TIANJIN DOWNTOWN AREA

Author: ZENG Peng; LI Jinxuan

ABSTRACT: The regeneration of stock land has gradually occupied the mainstream of China’s urban development. In order to cope with the inherent complexity of land property rights and transaction costs in the stock land regeneration, relevant urban policies need to play a necessary guiding role. Taking the downtown area of Tianjin as an example, this paper discusses the interaction between spatial regeneration and policy change of stock industrial land. Firstly, a spatial database is constructed through multi-party research to quantitatively describe the spatial and temporal evolution of the stock industrial land since 1995. Secondly, the relevant urban policies since 1979 are sorted out, and the characteristics of policy changes are evaluated and analyzed. Finally, through comparative studies, it is confirmed that the regeneration rate of stock industrial land is affected by policy change, and the speed of policy impact is subject to the policies’ inherent characteristics, namely, “Guiding Policy” and “Regulating Policy”.

KEYWORDS: stock industrial land; urban regeneration; urban policy; spatiotemporal response

♦ URBAN RENEWAL TO INTEGRATE FRAGMENTED RURAL INDUSTRIALIZED AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF NANHAI DISTRICT, FOSHAN CITY

Author: GUO Yan; YUAN Qifeng; TAN Shimin; XIANG Zhenhai

ABSTRACT: Spatial fragmentation is a main barrier for the integrated redevelopment of rural industrialized areas. How to integrate fragmented space is an important topic practically and academically. Based on the analytical framework of “problem-solution” and taking Nanhai District, Foshan City for example, this paper attempts to reveal three types of fragmented space, their constraints on integrated redevelopment, and the spatial patterns of existing redevelopment projects. In addition, the paper explores the driving forces underlying spatial integration through in-depth comparative case studies. It finds that fragmentation exists in terms of physical landscape, property rights and applicable policies, which means high transaction costs and thus impedes integrated redevelopment; redevelopment with integration is the minority; integration achieves a remarkable effect under the driving force of market, especially when local governments join in. The government acts as transaction brokers in coordinating the integrated redevelopment, which highlights the government’s returning to its own responsibility in the reduction of transaction costs and the coordination with market.

KEYWORDS: rural industrialization; urban renewal; spatial fragmentation; three-olds regeneration; transaction cost

♦ KNOWING THE END FROM THE BEGINNING: THE TRACEABILITY OF LAYER THOUGHTS IN URBAN DESIGN

Author: XU Suning; CHEN Lulu

ABSTRACT: This paper summarizes urban elements and relations between each element and the urban layer, from which the effects of the relations on urban physical space can be seen clearly. The layer thoughts in urban design first appeared in the “figure-ground relation” theory period, and developed on the basis of the fractal theory, typology, semiology, and so on. Based on the existing theories and previous studies, the paper systematically reviews the origin and the development of the layer thoughts in urban design theories and methods from three aspects: urban physical space, ecological landscape, and abstract space. It suggests further exploring how to form the urban layer theory of urban design.

KEYWORDS: urban design; layer thoughts; urban layer

♦ NATURAL FORMATION: AN EXPLORATION ON INSIDE-OUT PLAIN VILLAGE DESIGN – TAKING CHENZHUANG VILLAGE AS AN EXAMPLE

Author: YANG Junyan; ZHU Xiao; CHEN Wen

ABSTRACT: China has a rich variety of land forms. A history of thousands of years has produced diverse regional cultures. The unique natural landform is intertwined with a long historical evolution, which makes the development of our country’s rural areas brilliant. Various rural design and rural construction activities are endless. At present, relatively complete design frameworks and technical methods have been established for characteristic villages; but for traditional agricultural villages, which account for the vast majority of villages, their features are either lacked or similar to each other. Current construction and design models for traditional agricultural villages are weak in term of specific targeting and it is difficult to solve these practical problems of traditional agricultural rural construction and development. This research follows the concept of “natural law, natural harmony of man and nature” and is based on the composite design method of natural business law. It is proposed that the planning and design for traditional agricultural villages should focus on the five-dimensional evolutionary overlay design method of natural patterns which include natural micro-water systems, natural streets, natural agriculture and nature operation. It is applied to the exploration of the space design practice of Chenzhuang, a natural village in the Jiangnan region and aims to provide new ideas and methods for the space construction and revitalization of the vast traditional agricultural villages.

KEYWORDS: rural construction; rural design; endogenous mode; traditional agricultural village; urban design

♦ MODERNIZED EVOLUTION OF URBAN GREEN SPACE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF OPEN SPACE

Author: PAN Yi; LIU Quan

ABSTRACT: From a historical perspective, green space and open space in urban planning of China are from the same source in the context of land use, and a debate has also been aroused on how to define the relationship between the two. However, in the development process of Chinese urban planning system, the two concepts gradually divorced with the narrowing of green space and broadening connotation of open space in the specialized developing process of green space system planning. In the Code for Classification of Urban Land Use and Planning Standards of Development Land (GB 50137-2011) issued in 2012, the land use of green space and square was merged into open space, which redefined the two concepts. Under this background, green space system planning should not only focus on greening effect, but also pay much more attention to the overall development need of open space system.

KEYWORDS: green space; open space; urban green space system planning

♦ RESEARCH ON THE SERVICE EFFICIENCY AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF COMMUNITY GREENWAYS: A CASE STUDY OF SHENZHEN

Author: HAN Xili; WANG Ye

ABSTRACT: Non-motorized travel has been considered as one of the key ways to solve the environmental problems of modern cities. Community greenways with bike lanes as a main component are expected to encourage more bicycle trips, guide traffic order, and promote sustainable urban transport. Using the method of picture recording, this paper explores the service efficiency and the characteristics of traffic behaviors of four typical community greenways in the central area of Shenzhen. Based on that, the paper proposes suggestions for community greenway construction and renovation: bike lanes should be two-way and no less than 2.00 m in width; the width of sidewalks beside bike lanes should be no less than 2.25 m; the bike lane should be built right next to the green belt adjacent to the sidewalk instead of within the green belt; garbage cans should be placed on both sides of the sidewalk at intervals; trees with drooping branches should not be selected as street trees, and so on.

KEYWORDS: community greenway; bike lane; service efficiency; design optimization; Shenzhen

♦ MULTI-MODE RESEARCH ON CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORIC AND CULTURAL VILLAGE IN URBAN FRINGE: TAKING QIQIAO VILLAGE, ZHENHAI DISTRICT, NINGBO CITY AS AN EXAMPLE

Author: ZHANG Xing; HE Yi; DENG Wei

ABSTRACT: Urban-fringe historic and cultural village is a transitional rural settlement with highly mixed urban and rural elements in the process of modern urbanization. It not only retains the traditional rural memory, but also plays a new role in the process of urbanization, facing the core contradiction between heritage conservation and urban development. In the face of the changing historical environment and fragmented rural landscape, it is necessary to redefine the conservation value of the urban-fringe historic and cultural village, reconnect and construct the conservation elements with the holistic thinking, and form a rigid conservation framework. In the face of the development demand of urbanization, it is necessary to form diversified development paths on the basis of heritage conservation that can adapt to the needs of urban and rural areas. Therefore, taking Qiqiao Village as an example, through the judgment of the value of “village”, this paper discusses the integrated conservation method of urban[1]fringe historical and cultural villages. Through analyzing the conditions of the “city”, this paper provides flexible and diversified path choices for the conservation and development of urban-fringe historic and cultural villages.

KEYWORDS: urban-fringe historic and cultural village; integrated conservation; associated construction; multi-mode; Qiqiao Village

♦ REVIEW ON URBAN AND REGIONAL RESILIENCE RESEARCH IN CHINA

Author: XU Chan; WEN Tianzuo; LIU Siyao

ABSTRACT: Starting with the discussion of the concept and connotation of the term “resilience” from a multidisciplinary perspective, this paper thoroughly reviews the progress of urban and regional resilience research in China. The results of literature analysis show that five main fields have been formed in the domestic research, and resilient city and its corresponding planning strategies, governance measures, and evaluation methods have become the new frontier of the urban and regional resilience research in China. The research progress can be divided into three phases, namely the germination phase (2006-2012), the growth phase (2013-2016), and the boom phase (2017-2019). The paper analyzes relevant theoretical and empirical researches and academic events, summarizes the achievements and deficiencies of the research, and expounds on the key issues of urban and regional resilience research, namely the scale, focus, method, and application. The paper proposes that future research on urban and regional resilience can be carried out from the perspectives of systematization of measurement and modelling, historical evolution path and spatial differentiation, integration with the existing planning and legal systems, and resilience[1]based governance networks and decision-making mechanisms.

KEYWORDS: resilience; urban and regional; review; China