City Planning Review（2021.4）

♦ Belief

Author: SHI Nan

♦ RESEARCH ON SUBDIVISION METHOD OF MAIN FUNCTIONAL AREA IN PROVINCIAL TERRITORIAL PLANNING

Author: XIE Yongqing; ZHANG Ting; ZENG Peng

ABSTRACT：Although the main functional area planning has been incorporated into the territorial planning system, the relationship between them has not been clarified, and the direction of deepening the main functional area is still unclear. As the basic land exploitation and protection system, this paper believes that the main functional areas are the starting point of the logic of multi-plan integration in territorial planning. From this perspective, through analyzing the deficiencies of the current main functional area system and its future direction, this paper constructs the framework of the provincial territorial planning taking the main functional areas as the core, and explores a subdivision method of the main functional area types based on the relationship between human and land. Furthermore, the paper puts forward the formation of differentiated spatial guidance, element allocation and policies in order to provide reference for improving the territorial planning system.

KEYWORDS：main functional area; provincial territorial planning; multi-plan integration

♦ INHERITANCE AND INTEGRATION OF URBAN PLANNING UNDER THE TERRITORIAL PLANNING SYSTEM

Author: ZHU Jinzhang

ABSTRACT: In the framework of territorial planning system, in what form urban planning should exist and develop has been an urgent issue demanding solutions. Under the background of ecological civilization construction and the “Five Coordinations”, it is inevitable for China’s urban planning to be integrated into the territorial planning system, which follows not only the law of urban planning function transition, but also the basic trend of overall spatial governance in the world. In order to integrate urban planning into the territorial planning system, it is necessary for urban planning to make adaptive adjustment and corresponding changes. The territorial planning system should not only restrict the function framework of urban planning, but also absorb its achievements and experience, and provide necessary support platform for the development of urban planning. Therefore, this paper proposes to set up a sub system for urban planning in the territorial planning system as an institutional solution to promote the integration of urban planning into territorial planning. National governance and public policy are the basic attributes of territorial planning, so urban planning should focus on its core functions and promote its own reform and development in the process of integration.

KEYWORDS: urban planning; territorial planning; planning system; planning integration; national governance; public policy

♦ A STUDY ON THE EXTENDED APPLICATION OF “INCREASE AND DECREASE LINK BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL CONSTRUCTION LAND” IN TERRITORIAL PLANNING: FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRANSFER OF LAND DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS

Author: PENG Minxue; HUANG Huiming

ABSTRACT: Under the circumstance of shortage in construction land supply at the era of inventory development, the policy of “increase and decrease link between urban and rural construction land” has become a substantial approach to optimize land resource allocation and achieve integrated urban and rural development. From the perspective of land development right, this paper points out that the “increase and decrease link” policy is in fact a supplement to the planned system of “transforming rural land to urban construction land” quota management. Its spatial operation mechanism depends on the considerations on urban-rural land rent divergence, and the balance between marginal cost of rural land reclaiming and marginal return of urban land leasing. Through measures including extending the policy application scope, loosening the planning restriction, and introducing the market system, the performance of the policy is improved in the innovative practice at local level, and an institutional improvement is also realized. On the basis of analyzing the connotation of the “increase and decrease link” policy and elaborating the operation of the spatial mechanism, this paper puts forward the strategy for extended application of the policy in territorial planning at three levels, i.e., regional, municipal, and town and village, and its inspiration for future work.

KEYWORDS: increase and decrease link between urban and rural construction land; transfer of development rights; territorial planning; extended application

♦ REFLECTIONS ON THE FORMULATION OF REGIONAL COORDINATION PLANNING IN THE TERRITORIAL PLANNING SYSTEM: TAKING GUANGZHOU AS AN EXAMPLE

Author: LIU Songling; WEI Qingquan; HUANG Huiming

ABSTRACT: The establishment of territorial planning system provides an important opportunity to promote regional coordination, such as giving new values to regional coordination, strengthening the regional coordination of provincial territorial planning, and clarifying the special planning across administrative regions. In this new context, Guangzhou should adhere to the new requirements of the new era of ecological civilization, strengthen its responsibility as a core city of the Greater Bay Area, and explore new ideas for regional coordination planning from the following aspects: fully connecting with provincial territorial planning, conducting and implementing provincial goals for regional coordination, and giving feedback of municipal demands; preparing territorial planning of metropolitan area of Guangzhou, dividing the strategic planning level and the near-term implementation level and proposing corresponding planning coordination to achieve the organic integration of the long-term and near-term goals of regional coordination in Guangzhou metropolitan area; connecting the coordination goals of the metropolitan area with the detailed planning, and transforming into implementable plans through cross-border cooperation units.

KEYWORDS: territorial planning; regional coordination; special planning

♦ URBAN REGENERATION LED BY INSTITUTIONAL INNOVATION

Author: WANG Shifu; YI Zhikang

ABSTRACT: Urban regeneration is a set of institutional systems associated with the maintenance and redevelopment of the built environment, representing the governance capacity of a city. After reviewing the development and institutional changes of urban regeneration, this paper argues that institutional innovation determines the model and quality of urban regeneration and leads to the transformation of urban regeneration. As urbanization in China is moving into a new stage, the urban regeneration institution urgently needs to be improved to respond to the complexity of urban issues, maintenance of a high-quality environment, the public good of redevelopment, and good governance. However, urban regeneration is facing many institutional difficulties, such as over-reliance on real estate development, lack of integrity and systematicness in land development, and insufficient coordination. Accordingly, the paper points out that the urban regeneration institution should reinforce weak links and focus on maintenance of the high-quality built environment, and due attention should be paid to good governance and sustainable redevelopment. In addition, it makes a comprehensive outlook on the institutional innovation of urban regeneration.

KEYWORDS: urban regeneration; institutional innovation; built environment; maintenance; good governance

♦ A STUDY ON THE GOVERNANCE MODE OF LARGE HERITAGE SITES FROM A MULTI-SCALE PERSPECTIVE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON THE CHANG’AN CITY SITE OF THE HAN DYNASTY

Author: CHEN Wenliang; JI Jianxiong; SONG Menglin

ABSTRACT: In the context of rapid urbanization, the governance of large heritage sites that are located in the fringe of cities has become a major problem in the space governance in China. In view of the scale mismatch in the governance of the Chang’an City Site of the Han Dynasty, on the basis of the theoretical summary of multi-scale studies in foreign countries, this paper takes the site area and typical villages as its focuses and conducts a multi-scale analysis on the site system in two different periods as before and after the “World Cultural Heritage Application” of Weiyang Palace Site of Chang’an City of the Han Dynasty. Based on the structural characteristics, driving factors, and evolution trend of the site system, the paper explores the adaptive governance mode of the Chang’an City Site of the Han Dynasty.

KEYWORDS: large heritage site; multi-scale analysis; adaptive governance; Chang’an City of the Han Dynasty

♦ THOUGHTS ON THE THREE BASIC CONCEPTS OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL PROTECTION

Author: ZHANG Quan

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the three basic concepts of Chinese historical and cultural protection: authenticity, height control, and activation. Firstly, it puts forward that “authenticity” refers to the original object, the original form (appearance), the original craftsmanship, and the original cultural connotations. Secondly, it analyzes the ideas and methods of “height control” from the eight aspects including why to control height, what to control, and how to control. Thirdly, it defines the connotations and conditions of “activation” and deems that the key areas include neighborhoods, traditional folk dwellings, livability, and residents. It emphasizes that “activation” is not festival-oriented “showcases” but “daily life-oriented” activities.

KEYWORDS: historical and cultural protection; authenticity; height control; activation

♦ RESEARCH ON A CLASSIC EXAMPLE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY HERITAGE SITE CONSERVATION AND REGENERATION: BOOTT COTTON MILLS IN LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, USA

Author: LIU Fuying; LI Yuantian; YANG Shangqi

ABSTRACT: The overall protection and adaptive reuse of the Boott Cotton Mills is one of the key projects of Lowell National Historical Park and urban renewal plan. This paper briefly introduces the environmental situation of the Boott Cotton Mills and the historical evolution process of Lowell, the industry city in which the Boott Cotton Mills is located. Then it puts forward the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of the Boott Cotton Mills and traces back to the origins of architectural form and change characteristics of the building in the Mills. On this basis, the paper analyzes measures for the functional renewal of the building complex in the Mills and landscape environment building under the overall framework of protection, as well as the concept and method of spatial layout and architectural style inheritance of the Boott Cotton Mills Museum based on historical information preservation. Eventually, it focuses on the values of the heritage site and the reflection it evokes.

KEYWORDS: textile industry heritage site; Cotton Mill; Lowell National Historical Park; Boott Cotton Mills; conservation and regeneration

♦ THE KEY ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION PLANNING IN TERRITORIAL PLANNING: A CASE STUDY OF GUANGZHOU

Author: JIANG Xuefeng; MA Xiaoyi

ABSTRACT: Territorial planning is the integration of main functional area planning, land use planning, and urban and rural planning, in which each of the three planning systems has different characteristics and value orientation. As a key variable to utilize and guide the territorial planning, transportation planning can play a key role in promoting the integration of the three planning systems. In the process of formulating the overall territorial planning of Guangzhou, the key role of transportation planning is fully considered. In this paper, it uses the three-step coordination method in Guangzhou to study the key role of transportation planning in the territorial planning, including coordinating land use conflicts, guiding industrial collaboration, and leading the upgrading of urban positioning, to promote the preservation and appreciation of territorial resources. With the deepening of the reform of territorial planning and the in-depth understanding of the diversified value of space, it is necessary to further explore the role and technical methods of transportation planning in the improvement of the territorial planning system.

KEYWORDS: transportation planning; territorial planning; urban planning; land use planning; main functional area planning

♦ DISCOVERING HENRI LEFEBVRE: A TIME-SPATIAL REVOLUTION FOR PLANNING EVERYDAY LIFE

Author: YANG Yuzhen

ABSTRACT: This paper first elaborates on the seven methods applied constantly in Lefebvre’s theory. Through the induction of these methods, the paper explores the possibility of understanding Lefebvre’s theory from a holistic perspective, and discusses its overall relevance and inherent criticalness. Then the paper focuses on Lefebvre’s urban strategy and his analysis and criticism of city planning, pointing out that Lefebvre opposes radically to life that is planned and arranged, criticizes the time and space produced in the capitalist society, and seeks possible revolutionary moments in the everyday life of the urban society. The paper argues that Lefebvre’s theory should not be regarded as a legacy. It is necessary to acquire a tool from his theory to criticize the reality, to obtain the possibility to remove the overall segmentation, and to plan and produce the differentiated time and space in the social process, so as to gain subjectivity and to “change life”.

KEYWORDS: Henri Lefebvre; theory and method; everyday life; revolution; space

♦ FROM THE EFFICIENCY IN SHARING ECONOMY TO THE EQUALITY IN SHARING PARADIGM: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON SHARING CITY STUDIES

Author: HE Jing; ZHOU Kai

ABSTRACT: The new wave of sharing economy has swept the global production and life areas, and has exerted extensive influences on the economic, social, cultural, and even political aspects of Chinese cities. In order to adapt to the ideological changes brought about by the concept of sharing and to establish a new paradigm of sharing city governance, this paper first expounds on the definition, driving factors, and performance types of the sharing economy and points out the imbalance between its “efficiency and equality” from a critical perspective. Then, the paper analyzes the sharing paradigm shift theory and puts forward the coordinated development of “efficiency and equality” from the two dimensions of “economic model” and “social behavior”. Finally, through studying the classic cases of sharing city in the world, the paper proposes to take “smart governance” as the strategy for efficiency and “collaborative governance” as the strategy for equality in the sharing city governance in the future. By systematically introducing the related theoretical research and practical progress of sharing cities, this paper hopes to improve the governance level of urban planning and construction in the development of “sharing” concept in China.

KEYWORDS: sharing economy; sharing paradigm; sharing city; smart governance; collaborative governance

♦ CONCEPT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY INTELLIGENT MODEL (CIM)

Author: WU Zhiqiang; GAN Wei; ZANG Wei; MA Chunqing; ZHOU Jun; HE Zhen; ZHOU Xingang

ABSTRACT: The “Campus Intelligent Model” was initiated and developed in 2005 during the planning and design process of Shanghai World Expo, whose application was then extended to the area of a whole city or its districts. The concept of the “City Intelligent Model” (CIM) was derived from it by combining the demands of urban planning, construction, and management. Since CIM was proposed, it has gradually become a hot issue in the research of smart city in China. This paper takes the initiation and development of CIM as the starting point, and expounds on the theoretical understanding of CIM and its related concepts. Through a critical analysis of CIM, the paper systematically presents the characteristics of CIM and its correlation with other technologies. Based on the 14 years’ experience of the research team in the development of CIM, the paper summarizes the evolution process of the four generations of CIM technology, i.e., its development from an originally central system for expo management to a comprehensive intelligent system integrating the city brain, cerebellum, and vagus nervous systems. In the end, in view of the emerging advanced technologies and the macro trends of China’s strategic development, the paper proposes the four critical fields of CIM development and explores the potential technical development approaches.

KEYWORDS: City Intelligent Model; CIM; city pivot; city brain; intelligentization; urban governance

♦ THE BEGINNING OF MODERN URBAN DESIGN IN CHINA: AN INTERVIEW WITH ZHU ZIXUAN

Author: YANG Junyan; ZHONG Ge; QIN Shiwe